Wednesday, 28 February 2018

This Female Journo Is Tearing Down Caste Barriers in Rural Uttar Pradesh

On an afternoon in November, the roots of a story reveal itself some kilometres away from Karwi, part of Bundelkhand in Uttar Pradesh. Hailing an auto to a juncture outside the heart of a village in Chitrakoot district, Meera reaches a spot that looks downright dangerous – mangled and damaged wires criss-cross in an ugly maze, while worn away, stringy cable wires seem ready to crackle and snap.
Indeed, these are the reasons why both electrical shortage and deaths-by-short-circuit are common in this region – as documented in her many reports she filed in her early days of journalism.
Currently the Chief Reporter of Khabar Lahariya, an indie rural news platform, Meera walks on, stopping only to adjust her smartphone on a hand-held tripod as she takes pictures and video recordings, capturing the span of the never-ending lethal wires.

Accompanying her on this jaunt are three stringers in training – they are observing and learning about the processes of reporting.

Meera Devi, recording testimonies as part of her work as a reporter. (Photograph by Black Ticket Films)
As she asks questions on the record, she never forgets to listen intently as people from the villages speak, telling her about the pressing issues they are facing.


“Almost nobody comes here to do a story. How did you come?” an old man asks her. Meera smiles – this isn’t the first time she has heard this, nor is it the only context in which Meera finds herself at the receiving end of this particular line of interrogation. Usually, it’s along the lines of “Arre, aap toh ladies hai, yahaan kaise pahunch gaye?” (You are a woman, how did you reach here?)
And is often more offensive and much, much uglier. It is not a rare occasion for Meera to be subjected to threats if she gets too close to Sarkari apathy or breakdowns. She has often been told to stay away.
Working in ‘regressive-as-it-gets’ Bundelkhand for over 12 years, Meera is quite the anomaly, and she knows it.

The first day of a training workshop saw Meera reminding all the incoming women that she comes from a similar position of marginalisation.


“I am low caste too”, she reminds the attendees, all of whom have signed up for a new life – nursing ambitions, dreams, desires.
This is not a place where you can be comfortable with your identity as Dalit and woman. According to the NCRB report released in December 2017, U.P. held the dubious distinction of being among the leading states for both caste and gender-based violence. This is the context for every woman reporter working out of Uttar Pradesh.
Everywhere you go important spaces are occupied by men and men alone – and a particular kind of man – those with upper-caste surnames. As you walk through villages, you encounter only men. “We need to speak to more women”, is a mantra Meera often chants, to herself.

“Today we are living in the twenty-first century and everyone is connected through the internet,” says Meera, in an all-new episode of her flagship show, ‘Chief Reporter ki Diary Se‘.


“The world has advanced so much that robots are taking over human jobs. And yet I find it extremely shameful to confess that caste discrimination still exists in Banda.”
She goes onto recount the difficulties she personally experienced in a recent search for a roof over her head when she came face to face with hesitation on the part of landlords to sign final leases. The reason was crystal-clear – Meera has been reporting on it constantly. In July 2017, she visited the residents of Banda’s Malin village where there is a predominance of the Valmiki caste.
The village inhabitants told Meera, in no uncertain terms, that if people from higher castes see them in the market, they keep their distance. They explained, in vivid detail, how shopkeepers throw purchased goods at them, so as to avoid making physical contact. “The shopkeepers don’t want to take cash from our hands. Instead, we have to keep it on the counter”, they told her.
The village itself, “full of filth and dirt,” does not have sweepers from the local municipal corporation like other villages because of the caste implications associated with lower castes cleaning up for other people. “I was told that the authorities asked the communities to clean their own dirt because the lower caste people are supposed to clean the dirt of other people,” said Meera.


This is the real truth, and only people like Meera can bring it to us. By revealing to viewers these stories behind our own filed story, Meera’s a living-breathing empowerment story.
People know that their stories matter, that caste and gender are not shackles to hold you back. They should set you free.
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Here’s What India’s Extreme Poor Need to Break The Poverty Cycle Forever

“The intellectual impetus came from asking the question: Can we have durable consequences from a one-time intervention into the lives of the poor?” – Abhijit Banerjee, Co-Founder and Director of J-PAL.
Households in extreme poverty may be without confidence, hope, skills and other supports required to move out of poverty. Left at the bottom of the pyramid for multiple reasons, they have limited access to credit, basic financial literacy, and no skills for micro-entrepreneurship. In most cases, they are also unable to access government social welfare programmes.
In order to address this gaping need, CGAP-Ford Foundation launched the Graduation Program – a global effort to understand how safety nets, livelihoods, and microfinance can be sequenced to create pathways for the poorest to graduate out of extreme poverty.
Adapting a methodology used by BRAC in Bangladesh, 10 pilots were implemented in eight countries from 2006–2009 to capture lessons of best practice in the fields of social protection and microfinance.

The evidence from India and its impact


In India, the programme was piloted by Bandhan-Konnagar in 2009, with 300 women in one of the poorest districts of West Bengal, India. Called the ‘Targeting the Hard Core Poor’ (THP) pilot, it provided sustainable micro-entrepreneurship opportunities through carefully sequenced support – a productive asset such as livestock or supplies for petty trade, technical skills training, savings support, temporary cash or in-kind support to tide over immediate consumption needs, and regular mentoring and coaching over 18-24 month.


This helped enable ultra poor women to be engaged in sustainable livelihoods and ultimately graduate out of extreme poverty.
Researchers affiliated to Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL) studied the impact of the THP programme at three points in time – the end of the 18-month programme, one year later, and 5.5 years after the programme ended, in 2015, to judge the durability of programme impact.
Five and a half years after the programme ended in West Bengal, beneficiaries who participated in the programme, saw a 46 percent increase in consumption as compared with households that did not receive the programme.
Indicators like total savings, the perception of economic security, and time spent productively for programme beneficiaries also increased relative to the households that did not receive the programme. They also had improved food security, accumulated more assets, and had better access to credit.
THP also demonstrated that for every rupee spent on the programme, ultra-poor households saw Rs 4.33 in benefits, a four-fold improvement.
Now in its tenth year of implementation in India, the THP programme has been scaled up by Bandhan-Konnagar to nine states in India, reaching over 61,000 beneficiaries with funding support from state governments, multilaterals and CSR foundations.

The stories:

The following photo-essay encompasses the everyday life and experiences of THP beneficiaries. It highlights factors that help them cope with their daily struggles as well depict their well-being and better living conditions.

1. Kalpana Barik


Kalpana Barik enthusiastically takes us to a temporary concrete place adjacent to her house, where she has recently shifted her shop items because rainwater had soaked her thatched shop and will require some drying. She asks me to try out some bangles and quickly prepares a paan too. It is not hard to notice her growing confidence and her spirit, as she runs her shop with pride.

2.  Sashirekha Nayak


Sashirekha Nayak was identified as one of the ultra-poor women in her village by community members. Widowed and with no children, she stays alone in a one-roomed thatched house and has received a tailoring machine as an asset. “I do tailoring in this one room house of mine. I want to teach more girls how to operate the machine, but space is a constraint. My eyes are failing, but at least I can make a living for myself now.”

3. Binati Sahu


On entering Binati Sahu’s grocery shop Maa Nimanakahani Cold Drinks – named after a local deity in Khadalasahi hamlet, she confidently asked us if we would like some cold drinks in the summer heat. Binati Sahu happily accredits her better living standards to the choice of assets (grocery shop) made by her and the field staff that has led them to this path of well-being.


“My son and I now use our own toilet for sanitation. This was facilitated by the Bandhan staff who explained the ills of open defecation. I have dignity now and keep healthy.”

4. Rebati Das


“The nearest market is 15 kms away and there are no ready-made garment shops nearby. Ladies usually come to my shop during marriages and festival times; that’s the time I make maximum sales. I also allow customers to purchase items on credit, which makes them happier. I now want to purchase a second-hand photocopy machine from my earnings.” says Rebati Das.
She had received clothing items and business training during the THP programme which has facilitated her growth as the lone garment seller in the area.

5. Sabitri Sethi


Sabitri Sethi from Bhaunlo village was given initial support for a grocery shop. She also learnt how to keep track of her accounts and what it takes to run a business. As her self-belief increased, she ventured into purchasing a second-hand refrigerator after a year and a half. “This helps me keep eggs and cool drinks fresh for a longer duration of time”, she proclaimed.

6. Pratima Senapati


“During our weekly meetings, we were told about various social issues including the benefits of eating to stay healthy. I was encouraged and from the seeds received by the field staff, I planted ridge gourd, pumpkin and some tuber crops as well. My family now eats well and thankfully with the paan (betel) shop I live much better than before”, said Pratima Senapati.
About the author: Neelima Mishra worked as a Senior Project Associate with J-PAL South Asia at IFMR from 2016 to 2017. Based in Bhubaneswar she managed the scale-up of Targeting the Hard Core (THP) Program in the state.
This article was originally published on India Development Review. You can read the original here.
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This Man Helped Build Over 8000 Water Tanks in Over 1000 Rajasthan Villages

During his student days in the seventies, Rajendra Singh was associated with the ‘Sampuma Kranti’ movement – led by ‘Lok Nayak’ Jayaprakash Narayan. After finishing his studies, Rajendra Singh joined as a National Service Volunteer at Jaipur under the Ministry of Education, Government of India.
In 1984, he left his job and dedicated himself to rural development. He formed the Tarun Bharat Sangh (TBS) and, together with four of his companions, began organizing villagers for the repair and deepening of old johads (rainwater storage tanks).

When he first arrived in Alwar in 1985, he found that its forests had been decimated and its watershed damaged by miners and loggers – resulting in dangerous floods in the area during monsoons.


Inspired by Gandhiji’s teaching regarding local autonomy and self-reliance, Rajendra Singh introduced community-led institutions, that is, Gram Sabhas, Mahila Banks, River Parliament etc. in each village and initiated an awareness campaign for Gram Swavalamban in hundreds of villages.
To fulfil the needs of the villagers, Rajendra Singh started rural development and employment generation activities in 1985 in Gopalpura village through water conservation. He played a catalysing role in the building of 8600 johads in 1058 villages spread over 6500 sq km in nine districts of Rajasthan.


As a result of these efforts, five seasonal rivers in northeastern Rajasthan, which had nearly dried up, have become perennial.

He also successfully organised a three-month-long satyagraha to persuade the government to disallow fishing to protect fish and other riverine life forms.


In 1995, Rajendra Singh led a ‘Nadi Pahar Bachao Yatra’ from Galta in Jaipur to Gangotri in Uttarkashi to preserve the sanctity and purity of rivers and the green cover of the mountains. He also initiated the ‘Jal Bachao Johad Banao’ campaign in 1996.
In December 2002, he organized a Rashtriya Jal Yatra from Gandhi Samadhi, Rajghat, New Delhi, and covered 30 States in India including 144 river basins. Five national water conferences were organized during this yatra in different parts of the country. The Rashtriya Jal Yatra was an attempt to share water-related concerns among the citizens of India. The yatra stressed the fact that we should strive for linking people to rivers rather than interlinking rivers.
The experience of the yatra has now led to the formation of the Tarun Jal Vidyapeeth.
To motivate the village community to regenerate and protect forests in and around the Sariska National Park, Forest Protection Committees under Rajendra Singh’s leadership were set up in 90 villages, and another 32 committees have been set up in three other districts in Rajasthan.
A people’s sanctuary, Bhairondev Lok-Vanyajeev Abhayarany, spread over 12 sq. km. has been set up by the community in Bhanvta-Kolyala villages in Alwar.

The area, which was utterly barren 12 years ago, has now good forest cover and wildlife.


Since 1986, he initiated a ‘Ped Bachao Ped Lagao’ padayatra. This is now organised every year in different villages in this region. During 1995, a ‘Jungle-Jeevan Bachao Yatra’ was organized by him to motivate communities to protect forests and wildlife. He also took up the documentation of medicinal plants and their uses in traditional medicine.


Rajendra Singh also led a campaign against the destructive consequences of mining in the Aravalli hills – which finally resulted in the issue of a ban by the Union Government, on the basis of a Supreme Court decision. As a result, about one thousand mines were closed by the Rajasthan Government, 470 of which were in and around Sariska. The workers rendered jobless were rehabilitated through water and forest conservation activities and rural development through different types of employment generation activities initiated by the Tarun Bharat Sangh.

Rajendra Singh and his organization, the Tarun Bharat Sangh, have dedicated themselves totally to rural development with environment care and protection for the last 21 years.


His efforts have turned arid land cultivable and large densely afforested tracts into wildlife sanctuaries by water management and made dry rivers flow throughout the year.
A true game changer.

Rajendra Singh received the Jamnalal Bajaj Award for Application of Science and Technology for Rural Development-2005.




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Can You Make a Living Blogging?

Absolutely. I know a lot of people who do this.
I know people who have retired in their 30’s or early 40’s because their blogging and social media businesses generate so much income.
That said, the more time and effort you put in (as with anything else), you’ll experience faster growth and start generating revenue.
And the time commitment it requires is pretty much zilch. I know people who are very successful who only post once a week. That’s it! Personally, I post 1-3x a week.
Can you imagine making $50K, $100K, or $300K in income, per year, and all you’re doing is working between 30 minutes to about 3 hours a week?
As far as income streams go, please prove me wrong on why this isn’t one of the best, if not THE best, options out there!
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WHY ARE BLANK ADS APPEARING?

Blank AdSense ads typically appear on your website when you have incorrectly implemented your tags. However, if you’re certain you’ve correctly implemented your ad tags, the blank ads could be running because there aren’t any paying line items that meet your criteria.
The blank ad units show up when you’ve created new ad unit sizes but there aren’t any house line items that match your size. Every time a blank ad appears, though, you’re losing revenue. Making sure your ad units are always displaying ads is critical to your website’s revenue; don’t lose money through careless errors.
Fortunately, this is a fairly easy problem to solve. Just book a run-of-network house line item for every single unit size. That way, whenever you run out of ad units that match one size, your ad unit will run to the next line item.
If these troubleshooting tips don’t work, make sure that you have removed all inactive DFP ad tags, correctly set up all the line items that target the ad unit (including eligibility and targeting), and ensure that the ad units are live. You may have to wait up to 20 minutes after approving the line item.
Contact MonetizeMore today to learn more about how you can partner with us to increase your AdSense revenues. We’ll set you up with Ad Exchange, Google’s premium ad network, help optimize your revenue streams, and — yes — even fix your blank ads for you.

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